Neem
Azadirachta indica · Meliaceae
The gardener's calendar
In autumn, ease off feeding and take the chance to clean up around neem and prepare for winter.
ID card
- Foliage
- Deciduous to semi-evergreen depending on climate
- Flowering
- Spring to summer (May-July)
- Adult size
- 12 to 15 m in height, spreading form
- Growth
- Rapid in warm climates
- Hardiness
- Frost-tender, tropical to subtropical climate (minimum 10°C)
- Origin
- India and dry tropical regions of South Asia
- Soil type
- Well-drained, tolerant of poor soils
Care
Exposure and climate
The neem tree demands full sun exposure, with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Grow it in warm, dry climates (tropical to subtropical). In temperate regions, only cultivation in a conservatory or heated greenhouse is possible; the plant freezes quickly below 10°C.
Watering
Water regularly during the growing season (spring-summer), allowing the substrate to dry slightly between waterings. Reduce drastically in winter. In naturally arid climates, the plant tolerates drought well once established; avoid waterlogging which promotes root rot.
Soil and drainage
Choose well-drained, light and slightly sandy soil. The neem tree tolerates poor and stony soils. Improve drainage with sand or gravel if the soil is too compact. Neutral to slightly acidic pH is ideal.
Nutrient supply
In pots, apply balanced fertilizer every 15-20 days during active growth (spring-summer). In open ground in suitable climates, light annual fertilization is sufficient. Favour organic formulas low in nitrogen to avoid excessive foliage at the expense of flowering.
Pruning and training
Prune lightly after flowering to shape the form and remove dead branches. In warm climates, the neem tree naturally branches and requires little intervention. Remove diseased or poorly oriented branches to open up the crown.
Health and pests
In unsuitable climates (excessive humidity), watch for root rot and fungal diseases. Control scale insects and whiteflies indoors or under glass. Good air circulation and appropriate watering prevent most problems. Avoid excess humidity in winter.
Did you know?
The neem tree has been revered in India for over 4,000 years; its Sanskrit name 'nimba' means 'universal healer'. Traditionally, every Indian village planted neem trees for their reputed health and environmental benefits. This tree remains central to ancestral Ayurvedic practices today and symbolizes resilience in the face of extreme climatic conditions.
Where to buy it
Best planted in autumn so the roots settle in before summer, or in early spring once the frost has passed. Pick a plant with healthy foliage and roots that are not exposed. Best time: March, October, November.
Add this plant to my garden →Plants from the same family
- ChinaberryMelia azedarach
- Tun treeToona sinensis
- Spanish cedarCedrela odorata
- American muskwoodGuarea guidonia
- BroomstickTrichilia hirta
- GaitaTrichilia pallida
Tips generated and checked by Viridia — adapt them to your local climate.