Black mullein
Verbascum nigrum · Scrophulariaceae
The gardener's calendar
Ideal time to plant black mullein: set it out when the soil is neither frozen nor waterlogged, and water generously as it establishes.
ID card
- Scientific name
- Verbascum nigrum
- Family
- Scrophulariaceae
- Type
- Biennial or short-lived perennial herbaceous plant
- Flowering
- June to September, yellow flowers with purple stamens
- Mature size
- 60 to 120 cm in height
- Hardiness
- Very hardy (down to -20°C)
- Foliage
- Deciduous, rough grey-green leaves
- Origin
- Central and Mediterranean Europe
Care
Light
Dark mullein loves full sun for generous flowering. It tolerates partial shade but produces fewer flowers. Position it in a well-exposed location, sheltered from strong winds if possible.
Soil
This plant prefers well-drained, poor to average soil. It copes with chalky soils and even accepts rocky or arid terrain. Avoid compact, poorly drained soils that promote root rot.
Watering
Water regularly in the first year to establish the roots. Once established, dark mullein is very drought-tolerant. In summer, water moderately depending on rainfall; excess water can be harmful.
Fertilizing
Dark mullein doesn't require regular feeding. A moderate application of balanced fertilizer in spring is sufficient if the soil is very poor. Excess nitrogen promotes foliage at the expense of flowers.
Pruning and maintenance
Remove spent flowers to prolong flowering. Cut back the main stem after flowering if you want to rejuvenate the clump. Eliminate dead leaves in winter. The plant self-seeds naturally, so remove unwanted seedlings.
Diseases and pests
Dark mullein is very robust and rarely subject to disease. Powdery mildew can occur in warm, humid conditions; ensure good air circulation around the plant. Slugs may damage young leaves. Intensive treatment is generally unnecessary.
Did you know?
Dark mullein has been used since Antiquity: the Romans dipped its stems in tallow to create makeshift torches called 'poor man's candles.' In the Middle Ages, it was credited with magical properties, and herbalists still use it in certain traditional preparations today.
Where to buy it
Plant in spring or early autumn, avoiding spells of intense heat. Pick a plant with healthy foliage and roots that are not exposed. Best time: March, April, May, September.
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Tips generated and checked by Viridia — adapt them to your local climate.