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Smooth sow-thistle

Smooth sow-thistle

Sonchus oleraceus · Asteraceae

📷 Alvesgaspar · CC BY-SA 3.0

The gardener's calendar

The right move for October

In autumn, ease off feeding and take the chance to clean up around smooth sow-thistle and prepare for winter.

JFMAMJJASOND Planting

ID card

Family
Asteraceae
Type
Annual or biennial herbaceous plant
Foliage
Deciduous, pale green
Flowering
Spring to autumn, yellow flowers
Mature size
30 to 100 cm in height
Growth
Fast
Hardiness
Low hardiness, annual in temperate climate
Origin
Mediterranean Basin and Middle East

Expert tips

≈ Generated, to verify

The key tip

Le laiteron maraîcher pousse vite et peut devenir ligneux s'il vieillit : récolte les feuilles jeunes et tendres régulièrement, avant la montée à graine, ce qui prolonge aussi la production. Arrose modérément mais régulièrement ; il tolère la sécheresse courte mais préfère un sol frais pour rester tendre. Pince les tiges fleuries dès qu'elles apparaissent si tu cherches à manger les feuilles, sinon la plante s'épuise en graines.

The common mistake

La plupart des jardiniers le laissent fleurir et monter à graine sans intervenir, croyant avoir le temps : or à ce stade, les feuilles deviennent amères et ligneuses en quelques jours, rendant la récolte inutilisable. Il faut le surveiller et le récolter jeune, pas l'attendre.

The pro's trick

Fais des semis échelonnés toutes les 3 semaines (avril à août selon ta région) : tu auras toujours du laiteron tendre à récolter. À chaque semis, tu peux aussi récolter à la faux les feuilles de la génération précédente à ras du sol ; elles repoussent une ou deux fois avant de s'épuiser.

Seasonal watch

Automne-hiver : le laiteron ralentit beaucoup par le froid et le manque de lumière ; un dernier semis en fin d'été/début automne te donnera une dernière récolte avant octobre, puis laisse tomber jusqu'au printemps suivant, sinon tu vas te battre contre une plante moribonde sous abri ou en serre froide.

Care

Light exposure

Milk thistle prefers full sun or partial shade. In very hot climates, some afternoon shade can slow down seed maturation. It adapts well to varied light conditions.

Watering

Water regularly to keep the soil moist, especially during the growing season. Avoid excess moisture which can promote fungal diseases. Well-drained soil is preferable.

Soil

This plant tolerates most soils, including poor and chalky ones. Light potting soil or soil rich in organic matter promotes better productivity and vigorous growth.

Fertilizing

Moderate balanced fertilizer at the start of growth is sufficient. If grown as a leaf vegetable, occasional nitrogen application encourages tender foliage development.

Pruning and harvest

Pinch back young shoots regularly to encourage a compact habit and delay bolting. In vegetable gardening, harvest young leaves before flowering so they remain tender and less bitter.

Diseases and pests

Watch out for aphids and slugs which enjoy tender foliage. Powdery mildew can appear with stagnant humidity. Ensure good air circulation and avoid foliage watering in the evening.

Did you know?

Milk thistle has been cultivated since antiquity as a leaf vegetable in the Mediterranean Basin and Middle East. Rich in milky sap (hence its name), it was once considered an excellent spring and autumn vegetable. Today, it remains appreciated in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern cuisines, notably in salads or sautéed, long before the word 'superfood' was invented.

Where to buy it

Plant in spring or early autumn, avoiding spells of intense heat. Pick a plant with healthy foliage and roots that are not exposed. Best time: March, April, May, September.

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Tips generated and checked by Viridia — adapt them to your local climate.