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Himalayan balsam

Impatiens glandulifera · Balsaminaceae

The gardener's calendar

The right move for September

Ideal time to plant himalayan balsam: set it out when the soil is neither frozen nor waterlogged, and water generously as it establishes.

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ID card

Foliage
Deciduous
Flowering
July to October
Mature size
80 cm to 1.50 m tall
Growth
Very fast
Hardiness
Frost tender (annual or biennial)
Origin
Himalayas (India, Nepal)
Soil type
Moist, rich in organic matter
Exposure
Partial shade to shade

Care

Watering

Keep the soil constantly moist, especially during hot weather. Water regularly and generously, as this plant dreads drought and wilts quickly if water is lacking. However, avoid prolonged waterlogging that could rot the roots.

Exposure

Place your giant balsam in partial shade or dappled shade. It also tolerates full sun in cool, humid climates. Too much direct sunlight, especially in warm regions, slows its growth and dries out the foliage.

Soil

Prepare rich, well-draining soil generously enriched with compost or peat. Balsam appreciates fertile substrate that stays constantly moist. Compacted or poor soil will compromise its rapid development.

Fertilizing

Apply balanced fertilizer every 15 days during the active growing period (spring and summer). Too much nitrogen-rich fertilizer encourages foliage at the expense of flowering; aim for a balanced approach.

Pruning and pinching

Pinch back the tips of young stems to encourage branching and create a more compact, bushy plant. Remove spent flowers to extend the flowering period. Since the plant is annual or biennial, it doesn't require drastic pruning.

Diseases and pests

Watch for aphids and spider mites, particularly in dry conditions. Powdery mildew can develop with excessive humidity and poor air circulation. Watering at the base and good ventilation reduce these risks.

Did you know?

The giant balsam is renowned for its spectacular seed dispersal: its ripe seed pods explode at the slightest touch or vibration, projecting seeds several meters away. In the Himalayas, its local name means 'exploding plant,' and it has naturalized in western Europe, sometimes becoming invasive along watercourses thanks to this explosive dispersal strategy.

Where to buy it

Plant in spring or early autumn, avoiding spells of intense heat. Pick a plant with healthy foliage and roots that are not exposed. Best time: March, April, May, September.

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Tips generated and checked by Viridia — adapt them to your local climate.